Adam Keawe Manalo-Camp

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Indigenous Researcher and Writer

Author: adamkeawe

How Credible was the Statehood Referendum?

Я считаю, что совершенно неважно, кто и как будет в партии голосовать; но вот что чрезвычайно важно, это – кто и как будет считать голоса.The people who cast votes decide nothing. What matters is who counts the votes and how. –Joseph Stalin Some years ago I heard this interesting story by a Hawaiian man about… — read more

Feb 24, 2012
Hawaiian Kahuna

One of the most abused Hawaiian words and concepts is the word kahuna. Nowadays, the word is used in slang to mean an expert surfer, an influential person (“the big kahuna”), a shaman, and a large hamburger. However, none of these definitions are correct. However, The Hawaiian Dictionary as edited by Mary Kawena Pukui and… — read more

Feb 2, 2012
The Opium Trade in Hawai’i

When the British began to trade with China, they found that the Chinese had little desire for British products. So Queen Victoria’s Britain began to import opium into China. When the Chinese Emperor tried to stop the drug trade, the British declared war and ended up not only imposing the sale of opium on the… — read more

Oct 15, 2011
Hawaiians in the P.G.

One of the topics that is often discouraged is the topic of Native Hawaiian collaboration with the Protectorate Government (note: it should actually be called Protectorate not Provisional Government because the Provisional Government collapsed 15 days after its formation and was saved by US Minister John Stevens through his proclamation of the Protectorate Government) or P.G. and… — read more

Oct 12, 2011
Some thoughts on the Creation of a Hawaiian National History

Part 1 One of the major tasks of any nation is creating a national narrative or political history. A national narrative is important to nation-building since all nations are, in the words of Benedict Anderson, “imagined communities”. A nation is an imagined community because its not possible to connect with everyone in a given at… — read more

Oct 10, 2011
The Hawai’i State Capitol

The Hawai’i State Capitol: Hawaiian International or Modernist Colonial? Architecture has long been used as a political tool. Ramses II built temples and statues of himself along the Egyptian border with Nubia (modern day Sudan) to emphasize Egyptian sovereignty and might. Alexander the Great, Augustus Caesar, Napoleon, and Hitler all used architecture as a way to legitimatize… — read more

Oct 6, 2011
The Hawaiian Migrations Legends

The Hawaiian Migrations Legends According to Kupihea the great gods came at different times to Hawaii. Ku and Hina, male and female, were the earliest gods of his people. Kane and Kanaloa came to Hawaii about the time of Maui. Lono seems to have come last and his role to have been principally confined to… — read more

Sep 24, 2011
Kamehameha V and the United States

Kamehameha V and the United StatesOne of the least written about monarchs is that of Kamehameha V. While Kamehameha III gave the country not one but two constitutions, Kamehameha IV and V were monarchs who were uncompromising in their belief that the Hawaiian nation should remain independent at all costs. Sadly, they are among the… — read more

Sep 22, 2011
Kamehameha III’s Forgotten Joint-Ruler?

Kamehameha III’s Forgotten Joint- Ruler? The Affair of Kamehameha III and Kaomi Moe In official biographies of Kamehameha III, one would find that the standard text would say something King Kamehameha III’s reforms towards constitutional government, the Great Mahele, and his problems with the French and English. In some biographies, one would also find references… — read more

Sep 17, 2011
The Barracks Revolt

The Barracks Revolt:How History is Three Dimensional On September 6, 1873, a group of 40 Hawaiian soldiers revolted against their Hungarian Captain, Joseph Jajczay, for six days bringing the kingdom to a halt. At the end of the revolt, the entire Hawaiian military was disbanded. In most history books, you’ll find this as a minor incident… — read more

Sep 16, 2011